/* =============================================
   NDU Scientific Journal — Premium Design System
   ============================================= */

/* ── CSS Variables ── */
:root {
    --primary: #1e3a8a;
    --primary-light: #3b82f6;
    --primary-dark: #0f172a;
    --accent: #0d9488;
    --accent-light: #2dd4bf;

    --bg: #fafaf9;
    --bg-card: #ffffff;
    --bg-card-hover: #fcfbfa;
    --bg-elevated: #f4f4f5;
    --bg-hero: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f9ff 0%, #e0f2fe 100%);

    --text-primary: #0f172a;
    --text-secondary: #334155;
    --text-muted: #64748b;

    --border: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    --border-light: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);

    --success: #10b981;
    --warning: #f59e0b;

    --radius: 16px;
    --radius-sm: 10px;
    --radius-lg: 24px;

    --shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.02);
    --shadow-lg: 0 20px 40px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
    --shadow-glow: 0 10px 30px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.04);

    --transition: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    --font: 'Outfit', 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
    --font-display: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
}

/* ── Reset & Base ── */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; font-size: 16px; }

body {
    font-family: var(--font);
    background: var(--bg);
    color: var(--text-primary);
    line-height: 1.7;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

a { color: var(--primary-light); text-decoration: none; transition: var(--transition); }
a:hover { color: var(--accent-light); }

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }

::selection { background: var(--primary); color: white; }

/* ── Container ── */
.container { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 24px; }

/* ── Typography ── */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 { line-height: 1.3; font-weight: 700; }
h1 { font-size: 2.5rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.75rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; }

.text-gradient {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-light), var(--accent));
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
}

.text-muted { color: var(--text-muted); font-weight: 400; }

/* ── Buttons ── */
.btn {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
    padding: 12px 28px; border-radius: var(--radius);
    font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.95rem;
    cursor: pointer; border: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary), var(--accent));
    color: white;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(99,102,241,0.3);
}
.btn-primary:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(99,102,241,0.45);
    color: white;
}

.btn-outline {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    border: 1.5px solid var(--border-light);
}
.btn-outline:hover {
    border-color: var(--primary);
    color: var(--primary-light);
    background: rgba(99,102,241,0.08);
}

.btn-block { width: 100%; justify-content: center; }

/* ── Badges ── */
.badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 4px 12px; border-radius: 50px;
    font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.badge-primary { background: rgba(99,102,241,0.15); color: var(--primary-light); }
.badge-accent { background: rgba(139,92,246,0.15); color: var(--accent-light); }
.badge-outline { background: transparent; border: 1px solid var(--border-light); color: var(--text-secondary); }
.badge-orcid { background: rgba(166,206,57,0.15); color: #a6ce39; }

/* ── Top Bar ── */
.topbar {
    position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 1001;
    background: #0f172a;
    padding: 0;
    height: 36px;
    display: flex; align-items: center;
}
.topbar-inner {
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
    height: 100%;
}
.topbar-issn {
    font-size: 0.72rem; color: #94a3b8; letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}
.topbar-issn strong { color: #cbd5e1; }
.topbar-right {
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;
}
.topbar-divider {
    width: 1px; height: 16px; background: #334155;
}
.topbar-search-btn {
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
    background: none; border: none; cursor: pointer;
    color: #94a3b8; font-size: 0.72rem; font-family: var(--font);
    font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    padding: 0; transition: color 0.2s;
}
.topbar-search-btn:hover { color: #e2e8f0; }

/* Lang Switcher */
.lang-switcher { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 2px; }
.lang-btn {
    padding: 2px 8px; border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    color: #64748b; text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.lang-btn:hover { color: #e2e8f0; }
.lang-btn.active {
    background: var(--primary); color: white;
}

/* ── Search Overlay ── */
.search-overlay {
    position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 2000;
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.7);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    display: flex; align-items: flex-start; justify-content: center;
    padding-top: 100px;
    opacity: 0; visibility: hidden;
    transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1);
}
.search-overlay.open {
    opacity: 1; visibility: visible;
}
.search-overlay-inner {
    width: 100%; max-width: 680px; padding: 0 24px;
    position: relative;
    transform: translateY(-20px);
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1);
}
.search-overlay.open .search-overlay-inner {
    transform: translateY(0);
}
.search-overlay-form {
    display: flex; align-items: center;
    background: white; border-radius: var(--radius);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
    padding: 0 20px; gap: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.search-overlay-form svg { color: var(--text-muted); flex-shrink: 0; }
.search-overlay-form input {
    flex: 1; border: none; outline: none;
    font-size: 1.1rem; font-family: var(--font);
    padding: 20px 0; color: var(--text-primary);
    background: transparent;
}
.search-overlay-form input::placeholder { color: #94a3b8; }
.search-overlay-form button {
    background: var(--primary); color: white;
    border: none; cursor: pointer;
    padding: 10px 20px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600; font-family: var(--font);
    white-space: nowrap; transition: var(--transition);
}
.search-overlay-form button:hover { background: var(--primary-dark); }
.search-overlay-close {
    position: absolute; top: -52px; right: 24px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.15); border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
    border-radius: 50%; width: 36px; height: 36px;
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer; color: white; transition: var(--transition);
}
.search-overlay-close:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.25); }

/* ── Main Navbar ── */
.navbar {
    position: fixed; top: 36px; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 1000;
    padding: 0;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.97);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(15,23,42,0.06);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.navbar.scrolled {
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(15,23,42,0.1);
}
.navbar-inner {
    display: flex; align-items: stretch;
    height: 64px;
}

/* Brand */
.navbar-brand {
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px;
    text-decoration: none; color: var(--text-primary);
    padding-right: 32px;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--border);
    margin-right: 8px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.navbar-brand:hover { color: var(--text-primary); }
.brand-icon svg { width: 36px; height: 36px; }
.brand-name {
    font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 800;
    display: block; line-height: 1.2;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}
.brand-sub {
    font-size: 0.65rem; color: var(--text-muted);
    display: block; letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* Nav Links */
.nav-links {
    display: flex; align-items: stretch;
    list-style: none; gap: 0; flex: 1;
}
.nav-links > li {
    position: relative;
    display: flex; align-items: center;
}
.nav-links > li > a {
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px;
    padding: 0 16px; height: 100%;
    color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: 500;
    white-space: nowrap;
    border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
    transition: color 0.2s, border-color 0.2s;
}
.nav-links > li > a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
    background: rgba(37,99,235,0.04);
    border-bottom-color: var(--primary);
}

/* Dropdown toggle arrow */
.dropdown-toggle::after {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    width: 8px; height: 8px;
    border-right: 1.5px solid currentColor;
    border-bottom: 1.5px solid currentColor;
    transform: rotate(45deg) translateY(-2px);
    transition: transform 0.2s;
    opacity: 0.6;
    margin-left: 2px;
}
.has-dropdown:hover .dropdown-toggle::after {
    transform: rotate(-135deg) translateY(-2px);
}

/* Dropdown */
.nav-dropdown {
    position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0;
    background: var(--bg-card);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-top: 2px solid var(--primary);
    border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    list-style: none; padding: 6px 0;
    min-width: 240px;
    opacity: 0; visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(8px);
    transition: all 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1);
    z-index: 999;
}
.has-dropdown:hover .nav-dropdown,
.has-dropdown:focus-within .nav-dropdown {
    opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: translateY(0);
}
.nav-dropdown li { width: 100%; }
.nav-dropdown li a {
    display: block; padding: 9px 20px;
    font-size: 0.855rem; font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
    border-radius: 0;
    transition: color 0.15s, background 0.15s;
    background: transparent !important;
    height: auto;
    border-bottom: none !important;
    white-space: nowrap;
}
.nav-dropdown li a:hover {
    color: var(--primary) !important;
    background: rgba(37,99,235,0.06) !important;
    padding-left: 26px;
}
.dropdown-divider {
    height: 1px; background: var(--border);
    margin: 4px 0; display: block; padding: 0 !important;
}
.dropdown-divider a { display: none !important; }

/* Nav Actions (Submit button) */
.nav-actions {
    display: flex; align-items: center;
    padding: 0 0 0 12px;
    margin-left: auto;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.btn-nav-submit {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
    padding: 8px 18px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: var(--primary);
    color: white !important;
    font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 600; font-family: var(--font);
    text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;
    transition: background 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(37,99,235,0.3);
}
.btn-nav-submit:hover {
    background: var(--primary-dark);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(37,99,235,0.45);
    color: white !important;
}

/* Nav Overlay (mobile) */
.nav-overlay {
    display: none;
    position: fixed; inset: 0;
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
    z-index: 998;
}
.nav-overlay.open { display: block; }

/* Mobile Toggle */
.mobile-toggle {
    display: none; flex-direction: column; gap: 5px;
    background: none; border: none; cursor: pointer;
    padding: 8px; margin-left: 12px; flex-shrink: 0;
}
.mobile-toggle span {
    width: 22px; height: 2px; background: var(--text-primary);
    transition: var(--transition); display: block;
}
.mobile-toggle.active span:nth-child(1) { transform: rotate(45deg) translateY(7px); }
.mobile-toggle.active span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.mobile-toggle.active span:nth-child(3) { transform: rotate(-45deg) translateY(-7px); }

/* ── Hero Section ── */
.hero {
    position: relative;
    padding: 180px 0 100px;
    background: var(--bg-hero);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-bg {
    position: absolute; inset: 0;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 20% 50%, rgba(99,102,241,0.12) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 80% 20%, rgba(139,92,246,0.1) 0%, transparent 40%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 50% 80%, rgba(59,130,246,0.08) 0%, transparent 50%);
    animation: heroPulse 8s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}

@keyframes heroPulse {
    0% { opacity: 0.7; }
    100% { opacity: 1; }
}

.hero-content { position: relative; text-align: center; }

.hero-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: rgba(99,102,241,0.12);
    border: 1px solid rgba(99,102,241,0.25);
    color: var(--primary-light);
    padding: 8px 20px; border-radius: 50px;
    font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

.hero-title {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: 3.8rem; font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.15; margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.15rem; color: var(--text-secondary);
    max-width: 600px; margin: 0 auto 36px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.hero-actions { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 60px; }

.hero-stats {
    display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 48px;
    padding-top: 40px;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.stat-item { text-align: center; }
.stat-number {
    display: block; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 800;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-light), var(--accent-light));
    -webkit-background-clip: text; -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
}
.stat-label { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-muted); }

/* ── Section ── */
.section { padding: 80px 0; }
.section-dark { background: var(--bg-card); }

.section-header { text-align: center; margin-bottom: 48px; }
.section-title { margin-bottom: 12px; }
.section-desc { color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: 1.05rem; }
.section-cta { text-align: center; margin-top: 40px; }

/* ── Page Header ── */
.page-header-section {
    padding: 140px 0 40px;
    background: var(--bg-hero);
    position: relative;
}

.page-title { font-size: 2rem; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.page-desc { color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: 1.05rem; }

/* ── Breadcrumb ── */
.breadcrumb {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 0 20px 0 !important;
}
.breadcrumb li {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    list-style: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}
.breadcrumb li a {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
}
.breadcrumb li a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}
.breadcrumb a { color: var(--text-secondary); font-weight: 500; }
.breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--primary); }

/* ── Article Cards Grid ── */
.articles-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(360px, 1fr));
    gap: 24px;
}

.article-card {
    background: var(--bg-card);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: var(--transition);
    position: relative;
}
.article-card:hover {
    border-color: var(--primary);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-glow);
}

.card-accent {
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary), var(--accent));
}

.card-body { padding: 24px; }

.card-meta { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.card-date { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--text-muted); }

.card-title { font-size: 1.1rem; margin-bottom: 10px; line-height: 1.5; }
.card-title a { color: var(--text-primary); }
.card-title a:hover { color: var(--primary-light); }

.card-authors { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.card-authors a { color: var(--text-secondary); }
.card-authors a:hover { color: var(--primary-light); }

.card-abstract { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--text-muted); line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 16px; }

.card-footer { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; padding-top: 14px; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.card-stats { display: flex; gap: 16px; font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--text-muted); }
.card-stats span { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; }
.card-doi { font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent-light); background: rgba(139,92,246,0.1); padding: 3px 10px; border-radius: 20px; }

/* ── Index/Standards Grid ── */
.index-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr)); gap: 20px; }
.index-card {
    background: var(--bg-elevated); border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 28px;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.index-card:hover { border-color: var(--primary); box-shadow: var(--shadow-glow); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.index-icon { font-size: 2rem; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.index-card h4 { margin-bottom: 8px; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.index-card p { color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: 0.9rem; }

/* ── Issues Grid ── */
.issues-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr)); gap: 24px; }
.issue-card {
    display: flex; align-items: stretch;
    background: var(--bg-card); border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg); overflow: hidden;
    text-decoration: none; color: var(--text-primary);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.issue-card:hover { border-color: var(--primary); transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-glow); color: var(--text-primary); }
.issue-cover {
    width: 90px; min-height: 120px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-dark), var(--accent));
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.issue-year { font-size: 1.3rem; font-weight: 800; color: white; }
.issue-info { padding: 20px; }
.issue-info h3 { font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.issue-subtitle { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 10px; }
.issue-count { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--text-muted); }

/* ── Article List (Issue Detail) ── */
.article-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }
.article-list-item {
    display: flex; gap: 20px; padding: 24px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.article-list-item:hover { background: rgba(99,102,241,0.03); }
.article-list-num {
    width: 36px; height: 36px; flex-shrink: 0;
    border-radius: 50%; background: rgba(99,102,241,0.1);
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    font-weight: 700; font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--primary-light);
    margin-top: 2px;
}
.article-list-content h3 { font-size: 1.05rem; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.article-list-content h3 a { color: var(--text-primary); }
.article-list-content h3 a:hover { color: var(--primary-light); }
.article-list-en { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--text-muted); font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.article-list-authors { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.article-list-authors a { color: var(--text-secondary); }
.article-list-authors a:hover { color: var(--primary-light); }
.article-list-meta { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--text-muted); flex-wrap: wrap; }
.doi-link { color: var(--accent-light) !important; font-weight: 600; }
.pdf-link {
    color: white !important; background: var(--primary-dark);
    padding: 3px 12px; border-radius: 20px; font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.75rem;
}

/* ── Article Page ── */
.article-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 320px; gap: 40px; }

.article-header-card {
    background: var(--bg-card); border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 32px;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.article-title { font-size: 1.6rem; margin: 16px 0; line-height: 1.5; }
.article-title-en { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--text-secondary); font-style: italic; margin-bottom: 20px; }

.article-authors-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.author-chip {
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
    background: var(--bg-elevated); border: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 8px 16px 8px 8px; border-radius: 50px;
    color: var(--text-primary); transition: var(--transition);
}
.author-chip:hover { border-color: var(--primary); color: var(--text-primary); }
.author-avatar {
    width: 32px; height: 32px; border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary), var(--accent));
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    font-weight: 700; font-size: 0.8rem; color: white;
}
.author-avatar-lg {
    width: 64px; height: 64px; border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary), var(--accent));
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.5rem; color: white; flex-shrink: 0;
}
.author-name { display: block; font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.88rem; }
.author-orcid { display: block; font-size: 0.72rem; color: #a6ce39; }

.article-meta-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(170px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; }
.meta-item { background: var(--bg-elevated); padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: var(--radius-sm); }
.meta-label { display: block; font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-muted); margin-bottom: 4px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.04em; }
.meta-value { font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.9rem; }
.meta-value a { color: var(--primary-light); }

.content-block { margin-bottom: 32px; }
.content-block h2 { font-size: 1.2rem; margin-bottom: 14px; padding-bottom: 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.content-block p { color: var(--text-secondary); line-height: 1.8; }

.keywords-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.keyword-tag {
    display: inline-block; padding: 6px 14px; border-radius: 50px;
    background: rgba(99,102,241,0.1); color: var(--primary-light);
    font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 500;
    border: 1px solid rgba(99,102,241,0.2);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.keyword-tag:hover { background: rgba(99,102,241,0.2); color: var(--primary-light); }
.keyword-en { background: rgba(139,92,246,0.08); color: var(--accent-light); border-color: rgba(139,92,246,0.15); }

.references-list { padding-left: 24px; }
.references-list li { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 12px; line-height: 1.6; }
.ref-doi { color: var(--accent-light); font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.8rem; margin-left: 6px; }

/* ── Sidebar ── */
.article-sidebar { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 20px; }
.sidebar-card {
    background: var(--bg-card); border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 24px;
}
.sidebar-card h4 { margin-bottom: 14px; font-size: 0.95rem; }
.sidebar-hint { text-align: center; font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--text-muted); margin-top: 8px; }

.cite-links { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 8px; }
.cite-btn {
    display: block; text-align: center; padding: 10px;
    background: var(--bg-elevated); border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm); color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 600; transition: var(--transition);
}
.cite-btn:hover { border-color: var(--primary); color: var(--primary-light); }

.sidebar-date { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 6px; }
.sidebar-date span { color: var(--text-muted); }
.sidebar-license { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--text-secondary); line-height: 1.6; }

/* ── Author Profile ── */
.author-profile { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 20px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.author-affiliation { color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: 1rem; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.author-meta-row { display: flex; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 8px; }
.author-bio { color: var(--text-secondary); line-height: 1.8; max-width: 700px; margin-bottom: 8px; }

/* ── Search Large ── */
.search-form-lg { display: flex; gap: 12px; max-width: 600px; margin: 24px auto 0; }
.search-input-lg {
    flex: 1; background: var(--bg-card); border: 1px solid var(--border);
    color: var(--text-primary); padding: 14px 20px; border-radius: var(--radius);
    font-size: 1rem; outline: none; transition: var(--transition);
}
.search-input-lg:focus { border-color: var(--primary); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(99,102,241,0.15); }
.results-count { margin-bottom: 28px; color: var(--text-secondary); }

/* ── About ── */
.about-content { max-width: 800px; }
.about-list { padding-left: 20px; color: var(--text-secondary); }
.about-list li { margin-bottom: 8px; }
.contact-grid { display: grid; gap: 12px; }
.contact-item { color: var(--text-secondary); }
.contact-item strong { color: var(--text-primary); }

/* ── Empty State ── */
.empty-state { text-align: center; padding: 60px 20px; color: var(--text-muted); }

/* ── Footer ── */
.footer { background: var(--bg-card); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 60px 0 30px; }
.footer-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 40px; margin-bottom: 40px; }
.footer-brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; margin-bottom: 16px; font-weight: 700; font-size: 1rem; }
.footer-desc { color: var(--text-secondary); font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.footer-issn { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--text-muted); }
.footer-col h4 { font-size: 0.85rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.06em; color: var(--text-muted); margin-bottom: 16px; }
.footer-col ul { list-style: none; }
.footer-col li { margin-bottom: 10px; }
.footer-col li a, .footer-col li { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--text-secondary); }
.footer-col li a:hover { color: var(--primary-light); }
.footer-bottom { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; padding-top: 24px; border-top: 1px solid var(--border); font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--text-muted); }
.footer-bottom a { color: var(--primary-light); }

/* ── Responsive ── */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .article-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .article-sidebar { order: -1; }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero-title { font-size: 2.4rem; }
    .hero-subtitle { font-size: 1rem; }
    .hero-stats { gap: 24px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
    .hero-actions { flex-direction: column; align-items: center; }

    .nav-links {
        display: none; flex-direction: column;
        position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; right: 0;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98); backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
        padding: 16px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    }
    .nav-links.active { display: flex; }
    .mobile-toggle { display: flex; }

    .articles-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .issues-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .index-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .footer-bottom { flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }

    h1 { font-size: 1.6rem; }
    .section { padding: 50px 0; }
    .page-header-section { padding: 100px 0 30px; }

    .article-meta-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .article-header-card { padding: 20px; }
    .author-profile { flex-direction: column; text-align: center; }

    .search-form-lg { flex-direction: column; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero-title { font-size: 1.8rem; }
    .stat-number { font-size: 1.5rem; }
    .hero-stats { gap: 16px; }
    .article-meta-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* ── Admin Panel Styles ── */
.admin-container {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 100vh;
    background: #f1f5f9;
    color: #1e293b;
}

.admin-sidebar {
    width: 260px;
    background: #0f172a;
    color: #f1f5f9;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.admin-sidebar-header {
    padding: 24px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #1e293b;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.admin-sidebar-header h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.admin-nav {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 12px 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2px;
    flex-grow: 1;
    overflow-y: auto;
}

.admin-nav-group {
    padding: 16px 24px 4px;
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: #475569;
    cursor: default;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.admin-nav li a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    padding: 10px 24px;
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
}

.admin-nav li a:hover,
.admin-nav li.active a {
    color: #ffffff;
    background: rgba(37,99,235,0.12);
    border-left-color: var(--primary);
}
.admin-nav li.active a { color: #93c5fd; }

/* ── Admin Page Header ── */
.admin-page-header {
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.admin-page-title {
    font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 700; color: #0f172a; margin: 0;
}
.admin-page-sub {
    font-size: 0.85rem; color: #64748b; margin: 4px 0 0;
}

/* ── Admin Button Variants ── */
.admin-btn {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
    padding: 10px 18px; border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 0.875rem; font-weight: 600; font-family: var(--font);
    cursor: pointer; border: none; text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.admin-btn-primary { background: var(--primary); color: white; }
.admin-btn-primary:hover { background: var(--primary-dark); color: white; }
.admin-btn-outline { background: transparent; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #334155; }
.admin-btn-outline:hover { border-color: var(--primary); color: var(--primary); }
.admin-btn-danger { background: #fef2f2; border: 1px solid #fca5a5; color: #dc2626; }
.admin-btn-danger:hover { background: #dc2626; color: white; }
.admin-btn-success { background: #f0fdf4; border: 1px solid #86efac; color: #16a34a; }
.admin-btn-success:hover { background: #16a34a; color: white; }
.admin-btn-warning { background: #fffbeb; border: 1px solid #fcd34d; color: #d97706; }
.admin-btn-warning:hover { background: #d97706; color: white; }
.admin-btn-sm { padding: 5px 12px; font-size: 0.78rem; border-radius: 6px; }

.admin-sidebar-footer {
    padding: 20px 24px;
    border-top: 1px solid #1e293b;
}

.admin-main {
    flex-grow: 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

.admin-top-bar {
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 16px 32px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.admin-user-info {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.admin-content {
    padding: 32px;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.admin-page-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.admin-page-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #0f172a;
}

.admin-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    padding: 24px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.admin-stats-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(220px, 1fr));
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.admin-stat-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    padding: 24px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.admin-stat-icon {
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;
    background: #eff6ff;
    color: var(--primary);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.admin-stat-info h5 {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: #64748b;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.admin-stat-number {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #0f172a;
    line-height: 1;
}

/* Tables */
.admin-table-responsive {
    overflow-x: auto;
}

.admin-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    text-align: left;
}

.admin-table th,
.admin-table td {
    padding: 14px 20px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.admin-table th {
    background: #f8fafc;
    color: #475569;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.admin-table tbody tr:hover {
    background: #f8fafc;
}

.admin-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 8px;
}

/* Forms */
.form-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.form-group-full {
    grid-column: span 2;
}

.admin-label {
    display: block;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #334155;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.admin-input,
.admin-textarea,
.admin-select {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 10px 14px;
    border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #1e293b;
    background: #ffffff;
    outline: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.admin-input:focus,
.admin-textarea:focus,
.admin-select:focus {
    border-color: var(--primary);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.15);
}

/* Login Page Spec */
.login-body {
    background: #f1f5f9;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 100vh;
}

.login-card {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 420px;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    padding: 40px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.login-header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.login-logo {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.login-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #0f172a;
}

.login-error {
    background: #fef2f2;
    border: 1px solid #fca5a5;
    color: #b91c1c;
    padding: 12px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    text-align: center;
}

/* Alert system */
.admin-alert {
    padding: 12px 20px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.admin-alert-success {
    background: #d1fae5;
    border: 1px solid #6ee7b7;
    color: #065f46;
}

.admin-alert-danger {
    background: #fee2e2;
    border: 1px solid #fca5a5;
    color: #991b1b;
}

/* Tags dynamic */
.admin-badge {
    padding: 3px 10px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 50px;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.admin-badge-success { background: #d1fae5; color: #065f46; }
.admin-badge-warning { background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e; }
.admin-badge-info { background: #e0f2fe; color: #0369a1; }

/* ── Responsive / Mobile ── */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .nav-links > li > a { padding: 0 12px; font-size: 0.83rem; }
    .btn-nav-submit { padding: 7px 14px; font-size: 0.78rem; }
    .navbar-brand { padding-right: 20px; }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
    .mobile-toggle { display: flex; }
    .nav-actions { display: none; }

    .nav-links {
        position: fixed;
        top: 100px; /* topbar(36) + navbar(64) */
        left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
        background: white;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0; overflow-y: auto;
        transform: translateX(-100%);
        transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,0.2,1);
        z-index: 999;
        padding: 12px 0 40px;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
    }
    .nav-links.open { transform: translateX(0); }

    .nav-links > li {
        width: 100%; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start;
    }
    .nav-links > li > a {
        width: 100%; padding: 14px 24px;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
        border-bottom-color: var(--border-light) !important;
        height: auto;
    }
    .nav-links > li > a:hover { border-bottom-color: var(--border-light) !important; }

    .nav-dropdown {
        position: static;
        opacity: 1; visibility: visible;
        transform: none;
        box-shadow: none;
        border: none;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
        padding: 0;
        min-width: 100%;
        display: none;
        background: #f8fafc;
    }
    .has-dropdown.open .nav-dropdown { display: block; }
    .nav-dropdown li a {
        padding: 11px 36px !important;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light) !important;
    }
    .nav-dropdown li a:hover { padding-left: 40px !important; }
    .dropdown-divider { display: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
    .topbar-issn { display: none; }
    .hero { padding: 140px 0 80px; }
}

/* ── OJS Redesign Layout Classes ── */

/* Top Header Utilities */
.ojs-top-header {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    padding: 18px 0;
}
.ojs-top-header-inner {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}
.ojs-logo-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-logo-container:hover {
    opacity: 0.9;
}
.ojs-logo-text {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
.ojs-journal-title {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: 1.65rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    line-height: 1.15;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.ojs-journal-subtitle {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--primary);
    margin-top: 3px;
}
.ojs-utility-links {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.ojs-utility-links a {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-utility-links a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}

/* OJS Navigation Bar */
.ojs-nav-bar {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.015);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    height: 54px;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-nav-bar.scrolled {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}
.ojs-nav-bar-inner {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: stretch;
    height: 100%;
}
.ojs-nav-links {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    height: 100%;
}
.ojs-nav-links > li {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}
.ojs-nav-links > li > a {
    color: var(--text-primary);
    padding: 0 20px;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-nav-links > li > a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 20px;
    right: 20px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--primary);
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transform-origin: center;
    transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;
}
.ojs-nav-links > li > a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}
.ojs-nav-links > li > a:hover::after {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

/* Dropdown Menu */
.ojs-nav-dropdown {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98);
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    list-style: none;
    padding: 10px 0;
    min-width: 250px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(10px);
    transition: all 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
    z-index: 9999;
}
.ojs-nav-links > li:hover .ojs-nav-dropdown {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}
.ojs-nav-dropdown li a {
    display: block;
    padding: 10px 24px;
    font-size: 0.84rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-nav-dropdown li a:hover {
    background: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.04);
    color: var(--primary);
    padding-left: 28px;
}

/* Navigation Right Box */
.ojs-nav-right {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 16px;
}
.ojs-nav-search-btn {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    background: transparent;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    border-radius: 20px;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    padding: 6px 16px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-nav-search-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.04);
    border-color: var(--primary-light);
    color: var(--primary);
}

/* Mobile Toggle Hamburger */
.mobile-toggle {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    width: 22px;
    height: 16px;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0;
}
.mobile-toggle span {
    width: 100%;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--text-primary);
    transition: var(--transition);
    border-radius: 2px;
}
.mobile-toggle.active span:nth-child(1) {
    transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg);
}
.mobile-toggle.active span:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
}
.mobile-toggle.active span:nth-child(3) {
    transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg);
}

/* Mobile Overlay */
.nav-overlay {
    position: fixed;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.4);
    backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
    z-index: 998;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.nav-overlay.open {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

/* OJS Starry Night Hero Slider */
.ojs-hero-slider {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0c182b 0%, #082f49 50%, #020617 100%);
    color: #ffffff;
    position: relative;
    padding: 80px 0;
    text-align: center;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.ojs-hero-slider::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 50% 20%, rgba(13, 148, 136, 0.15) 0%, transparent 60%);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.ojs-hero-title {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: 3.4rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    color: #ffffff;
    letter-spacing: -0.015em;
    text-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
    line-height: 1.15;
}
.ojs-hero-desc {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto 40px;
    color: rgba(254, 244, 244, 0.8);
    line-height: 1.7;
}

/* Slider Covers */
.ojs-slider-container {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 24px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}
.ojs-slider-cover-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    gap: 30px;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 10px 0;
}
.ojs-slider-cover-card {
    width: 165px;
    height: 235px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0b253a 0%, #030b12 100%);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.5), 0 1px 2px rgba(255,255,255,0.1);
    transition: var(--transition);
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 18px 16px;
    color: #ffffff;
    cursor: pointer;
}
.ojs-slider-cover-card::before,
.ojs-article-list-cover::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0; left: 10px; bottom: 0;
    width: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05), rgba(255,255,255,0.2) 50%, rgba(0,0,0,0.35));
    z-index: 3;
}
.ojs-slider-cover-card::after,
.ojs-article-list-cover::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0;
    width: 10px;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
    z-index: 3;
}
.ojs-slider-cover-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px) scale(1.03) rotate(1.5deg);
    box-shadow: 0 25px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.65), 0 0 25px rgba(59,130,246,0.18);
}
.ojs-slider-cover-head {
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    color: #93c5fd; /* Soft blue */
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
    padding-bottom: 6px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 4;
}
.ojs-slider-cover-year {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    color: #ffffff;
    margin: auto 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 4;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
}
.ojs-slider-cover-meta {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    color: #93c5fd;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
    padding-top: 6px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 4;
}
.ojs-slider-arrow {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
    color: #ffffff;
    width: 46px;
    height: 46px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-slider-arrow:hover {
    background: var(--primary);
    border-color: var(--primary-light);
    transform: scale(1.08);
}

/* Sidebar Box Widgets */
.ojs-sidebar-box {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
    border-radius: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-sidebar-box:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.15);
}
.ojs-sidebar-box-header {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    padding: 18px 24px 14px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}
.ojs-sidebar-box-header::before {
    content: '';
    width: 6px;
    height: 6px;
    background: var(--primary);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: inline-block;
}
.ojs-sidebar-box-body {
    padding: 24px;
}

/* Sidebar Submit Button */
.ojs-sidebar-submit-btn {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--accent) 100%);
    color: #ffffff !important;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 16px;
    font-family: var(--font);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.18);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-sidebar-submit-btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.3);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-dark) 0%, var(--accent) 100%);
}

/* OJS Card Block Headers */
.ojs-card-header {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    padding: 0 0 12px 0;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    border: none;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.ojs-card-header::before {
    content: '';
    width: 4px;
    height: 16px;
    background: var(--primary);
    border-radius: 2px;
    display: inline-block;
}
.ojs-card-body {
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
    background: transparent;
    border-radius: 0;
    margin-bottom: 36px;
    box-shadow: none;
}

/* List element styling */
.ojs-article-list-row {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 110px 1fr;
    gap: 28px;
    padding: 28px;
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
    border-radius: 16px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-article-list-row:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}
.ojs-article-list-row:hover {
    background: #ffffff;
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.15);
}
.ojs-article-list-cover {
    width: 110px;
    height: 155px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0b253a 0%, #030b12 100%);
    border-radius: 6px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 14px 10px;
    color: #ffffff;
    text-align: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    position: relative;
}
.ojs-article-list-cover-title {
    font-size: 0.6rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
    padding-bottom: 4px;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 4;
}
.ojs-article-list-cover-year {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 4;
}
.ojs-article-list-cover-issue {
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    opacity: 0.9;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 4;
}
.ojs-article-list-details {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-start;
}
.ojs-article-list-title {
    font-family: var(--font-display);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0 0 10px 0;
    line-height: 1.4;
}
.ojs-article-list-title a {
    color: var(--text-primary);
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-article-list-title a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}
.ojs-article-list-authors {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.ojs-article-list-authors a {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
}
.ojs-article-list-authors a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
    text-decoration: underline;
}
.ojs-article-list-abstract {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.ojs-article-list-meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 20px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-top: auto;
}
.ojs-article-list-meta span {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
}
.ojs-article-list-pdf {
    background: transparent !important;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
    box-shadow: none !important;
    border: none !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    vertical-align: middle;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.ojs-article-list-pdf:hover {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}
.ojs-article-list-pdf svg {
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    display: block;
}

/* Two columns Home */
.ojs-home-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px;
    gap: 36px;
}

/* Announcement Box */
.ojs-announcement-box {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary);
    padding: 24px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.ojs-announcement-box:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-color: rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.12);
}
.ojs-announcement-title {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin: 0 0 8px 0;
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}
.ojs-announcement-meta {
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.ojs-announcement-content {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Collapsible Abstract Panel */
.collapsible-abstract {
    max-height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: max-height 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1), padding 0.4s ease, margin 0.4s ease, border-color 0.4s ease;
    background: #fafaf9;
    border-left: 3px solid var(--primary);
    border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
}
.collapsible-abstract.open {
    max-height: 1000px;
    padding: 20px 24px;
    margin: 16px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
    border-right: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
}
.collapsible-abstract p {
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0;
}
.abstract-toggle-btn {
    background: transparent;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
    border-radius: 20px;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    padding: 5px 14px;
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.abstract-toggle-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
    color: var(--primary);
    border-color: var(--primary-light);
}
.abstract-toggle-btn svg {
    transition: transform 0.3s;
}
.abstract-toggle-btn.open svg {
    transform: rotate(180deg);
}

/* Article Detail History Timeline */
.timeline-container {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 28px;
    margin: 20px 0;
}
.timeline-container::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 6px;
    top: 6px;
    bottom: 6px;
    width: 2px;
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
}
.timeline-item {
    position: relative;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}
.timeline-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}
.timeline-circle {
    position: absolute;
    left: -28px;
    top: 4px;
    width: 14px;
    height: 14px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #cbd5e1;
    border: 3px solid #ffffff;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
}
.timeline-item.received .timeline-circle {
    background: #3b82f6; /* Blue */
}
.timeline-item.accepted .timeline-circle {
    background: #10b981; /* Green */
}
.timeline-item.published .timeline-circle {
    background: var(--accent); /* Amber */
}
.timeline-label {
    display: block;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
.timeline-date {
    display: block;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-top: 2px;
}

/* Search page updates */
.search-form-lg {
    transition: var(--transition);
}
.search-form-lg:focus-within {
    border-color: var(--primary-light) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(30, 58, 138, 0.15) !important;
}
.search-input-lg::placeholder {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
}

/* Mobile responsive menu */
@media (max-width: 860px) {
    .mobile-toggle {
        display: flex;
    }
    .ojs-nav-links {
        position: fixed;
        top: 54px;
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        bottom: 0;
        background: #ffffff;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 0;
        overflow-y: auto;
        transform: translateX(-100%);
        transition: transform 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
        z-index: 999;
        padding: 20px 0 60px;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
    }
    .ojs-nav-links.open {
        transform: translateX(0);
    }
    .ojs-nav-links > li {
        width: 100%;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
    }
    .ojs-nav-links > li > a {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 16px 28px;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
        height: auto;
        display: flex;
        justify-content: space-between;
    }
    .ojs-nav-links > li > a::after {
        display: none;
    }
    .ojs-nav-dropdown {
        position: static;
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        transform: none;
        box-shadow: none;
        border: none;
        border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
        padding: 0;
        min-width: 100%;
        display: none;
        background: #fafaf9;
    }
    .ojs-nav-links > li.open .ojs-nav-dropdown {
        display: block;
    }
    .ojs-nav-dropdown li a {
        padding: 12px 40px !important;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light) !important;
    }
}